the cause isn’t known, but research highlights genetics and possible prolonged exposure to the hormone estrogen may increase the risk. other factors that may contribute to these growths are obesity, high blood pressure and eating a lot of red meat.
fibroids can be problematic when associated symptoms are severe and interfered with daily living, like pressure in the pelvis and lower back, pain during intercourse and heavy or prolonged periods, according to the center for uterine fibroids. women can also experience menstrual bleeding between periods, abdominal discomfort, bladder troubles and bowel symptoms, such as excessive straining with bowel movements or constipation. sometimes, women with fibroids have complications with fertility or during pregnancy.
if a fibroid is large enough to be detected during a physical example, your health-care provider may order tests for diagnosis. these could involve a pelvic ultrasound, an mri, an x-ray exam of the uterus and fallopian tubes or hysteroscopy visual scope exam.
not all fibroids will need treatment but, if necessary, treatment can involve medications and surgery to remove the fibroids. some women will also need treatment for iron-deficiency anemia due to prolonged bleeding.
rarely, a fibroid may constitute an emergency. symptoms include sharp, sudden abdomen pain or severe vaginal bleeding that is accompanied by light-headedness, weakness and extreme fatigue.
fibroids after menopause usually shrink
fibroids typically shrink after menopause but, if a fibroid grows during this period, it may be an indication of cancer. additional testing is important to determine the cause of the fibroid growth and to develop a treatment plan.
karen hawthorne is a toronto-based writer.